Excerpt
CHAPTER ONE What Is Life, Really? LIFE IS ONE of those words everyone uses without really knowing what it means. We say something is “alive” because it moves, or grows, or breathes. But fire does all of those. So do rivers. So does lightning if you squint hard enough. And none of those are alive. So what’s the difference between a living thing and everything else? You could say life reproduces, but viruses can’t reproduce without a host, and they’re still kind of alive. You could say life responds to stimuli, but so does a thermostat. You could say it grows, but crystals grow, and no one’s throwing them birthday parties. So biologists cheat a little. They use a checklist. Life, they say, is...